erc_4626.vault

Documentation for eth_defi.erc_4626.vault Python module.

Generic ECR-4626 vault reader implementation.

Module Attributes

KNOWN_SHARE_TOKEN_ERROR_MESSAGES

Known error messages that indicate that share() accessor function is not accessible and contract is ERC-4626, not ERC-7540.

Classes

ERC4626HistoricalReader

A reader that reads the historcal state of one specific vaults.

ERC4626Vault

ERC-4626 vault adapter

ERC4626VaultInfo

Capture information about ERC- vault deployment.

VaultReaderState

Adaptive reading frequency for vaults.

UNKNOWN_EXCHANGE_RATE = Decimal('0.9899999999999999911182158029987476766109466552734375')

The exchange rate we use for all unknown denomination tokens

KNOWN_SHARE_TOKEN_ERROR_MESSAGES = frozenset({'Bad Request', 'Execution reverted', 'InvalidTransaction', 'VM execution error', 'execution reverted', 'out of gas'})

Known error messages that indicate that share() accessor function is not accessible and contract is ERC-4626, not ERC-7540. Because all EVM clones have different behavior on execution reverted, this is a bit of a shitshow.

class ERC4626VaultInfo

Bases: eth_defi.vault.base.VaultInfo

Capture information about ERC- vault deployment.

address: eth_typing.evm.HexAddress

The ERC-20 token that nominates the vault assets

asset: Optional[eth_typing.evm.HexAddress]

The address of the underlying token used for the vault for accounting, depositing, withdrawing.

Some broken vaults do not expose this, and may be None. e.g. https://arbiscan.io/address/0x9d0fbc852deccb7dcdd6cb224fa7561efda74411#code

E.g. USDC.

__init__(*args, **kwargs)
__new__(**kwargs)
clear() None.  Remove all items from D.
copy() a shallow copy of D
fromkeys(value=None, /)

Create a new dictionary with keys from iterable and values set to value.

get(key, default=None, /)

Return the value for key if key is in the dictionary, else default.

items() a set-like object providing a view on D's items
keys() a set-like object providing a view on D's keys
pop(k[, d]) v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.

If the key is not found, return the default if given; otherwise, raise a KeyError.

popitem()

Remove and return a (key, value) pair as a 2-tuple.

Pairs are returned in LIFO (last-in, first-out) order. Raises KeyError if the dict is empty.

setdefault(key, default=None, /)

Insert key with a value of default if key is not in the dictionary.

Return the value for key if key is in the dictionary, else default.

update([E, ]**F) None.  Update D from mapping/iterable E and F.

If E is present and has a .keys() method, then does: for k in E.keys(): D[k] = E[k] If E is present and lacks a .keys() method, then does: for k, v in E: D[k] = v In either case, this is followed by: for k in F: D[k] = F[k]

values() an object providing a view on D's values
VaultPollFrequency

What is the reason how often we poll this

alias of Literal[‘peaked’, ‘faded’, ‘large_tvl’, ‘small_tvl’, ‘tiny_tvl’, ‘first_read’, ‘not_started’, ‘early’]

class VaultReaderState

Bases: eth_defi.event_reader.multicall_batcher.BatchCallState

Adaptive reading frequency for vaults.

  • This class maintains the per-vault state of reading between different eth_call reads over time

  • Most vaults are uninteresting, but we do not know ahead of time which ones

  • We need 1h data for interesting vaults to make good trade decisions

  • We switch to 1h scanning if the TVL is above a threshold, otherwise we read it once per day

Note

Due to filtering, only handles stablecoin vaults correctly at the moment. Lacks exchange rate support.

Parameters
  • vault – The vault we are reading historical data for

  • tvl_threshold_1d_read – If the TVL is below this threshold, we will not read it more than once per day, otherwise hourly.

  • down_hard – Stop reading the vault if the TVL is down by this percentage from the peak.

  • min_tvl_threshold – If the vault never reaches this TVL, we stop reading it after the traction period.

  • traction_period – How long we wait for the vault to get traction before we stop reading it.

Parm peaked_tvl_threshold

The TVL value we first need to reach to trigger down hard condition.

SERIALISABLE_ATTRIBUTES = ('last_tvl', 'last_share_price', 'max_tvl', 'first_seen_at_block', 'first_block', 'first_read_at', 'last_call_at', 'last_block', 'peaked_at', 'peaked_tvl', 'faded_at', 'entry_count', 'chain_id', 'vault_address', 'denomination_token_address', 'share_token_address', 'one_raw_share', 'reading_restarted_count', 'vault_poll_frequency', 'token_symbol', 'unsupported_token', 'invoke_count_passed', 'invoke_count_first_read', 'invoke_count_missing_freq', 'invoke_count_throttled', 'write_filtered', 'write_done', 'rpc_error_count', 'last_rpc_error')

All attributes we store when we serialise the read state between runs

__init__(vault, tvl_threshold_1d_read=Decimal('10000'), tiny_tvl_threshold_rare_read=Decimal('1000'), peaked_tvl_threshold=Decimal('200000'), min_tvl_threshold=Decimal('1500'), down_hard=0.98, traction_period=datetime.timedelta(days=60))
Parameters
  • vault (eth_defi.erc_4626.vault.ERC4626Vault) – The vault we are reading historical data for

  • tvl_threshold_1d_read – If the TVL is below this threshold, we will not read it more than once per day, otherwise hourly.

  • down_hard – Stop reading the vault if the TVL is down by this percentage from the peak.

  • min_tvl_threshold – If the vault never reaches this TVL, we stop reading it after the traction period.

  • traction_period (datetime.timedelta) – How long we wait for the vault to get traction before we stop reading it.

Parm peaked_tvl_threshold

The TVL value we first need to reach to trigger down hard condition.

first_seen_at_block

Passed from the vault discovery reader, pass the block number as args when we know this vault popped in to the existing

last_tvl: decimal.Decimal

TVL from the last read

first_read_at: datetime.datetime

Timestamp of the block of the first successful read of this vault.

max_tvl: decimal.Decimal

Start with zero TVL

last_share_price: decimal.Decimal

Start with zero share price

last_call_at: datetime.datetime | None

When this vault received its last eth_call update

last_block: int | None

When this vault received its last eth_call update

peaked_at: datetime.datetime

Disable reading if the vault has peaked (TVL too much down) and is no longer active

peaked_tvl: float

What was TVL when we disabled reading due to peaking

faded_at: datetime.datetime

Disable reading if the vault has never gotten any traction

traction_period

How much time after deployment we allow to get traction

min_tvl_threshold

Minimum TVL traction threshold to start reading the vault

tiny_tvl_threshold_rare_read

Vaults we do no really care about

entry_count

How many on_called() invocations have we had

invoke_count_passed

How many should_invoke() invocations have we had

invoke_count_first_read

How many should_invoke() invocations have we had

invoke_count_missing_freq

How many should_invoke() invocations have we had

invoke_count_throttled

How many should_invoke() invocations have we had

rpc_error_count

Track RPCc errors

denomination_token_address

Cache denomination token address when preparing readers

share_token_address

Cache share token address when preparing readers

one_raw_share

One share in its raw units

one

Cache denomination token address when preparing readers

chain_id

Copy for state debuggin

vault_poll_frequency

Cache for how often we are polling this vault, the mode name

token_symbol

Cache for debuggin

unsupported_token

Cache for debuggin

save()

Persist state across multiple runs.

Returns

Pickleable Python object

Return type

dict

load(data)

Load the state from a dictionary.

Parameters

data (dict) –

property exchange_rate: decimal.Decimal

Get the exchange rate for TVL estimation

should_invoke(call, block_identifier, timestamp)

Check the condition if this multicall is good to go.

Parameters
Return type

bool

get_frequency()

How fast we are reading this vault or should the further reading be skipped.

Return type

tuple[Literal[‘peaked’, ‘faded’, ‘large_tvl’, ‘small_tvl’, ‘tiny_tvl’, ‘first_read’, ‘not_started’, ‘early’], datetime.timedelta | None]

on_called(result, total_assets=None, share_price=None)
Parameters
pformat()

Pretty print the current state.

Return type

str

class ERC4626HistoricalReader

Bases: eth_defi.vault.base.VaultHistoricalReader

A reader that reads the historcal state of one specific vaults.

  • Generate a list of multicall instances that is needed to capture the vault state in a specific block height

  • All calls share the same state object which we use to track disabling reads for inactive vaults

  • Share price (returns), supply, NAV

  • For performance fees etc. there are no standards so you need to subclass this for each protocol

  • All calls for this reader share the same

__init__(vault, stateful)
Parameters
construct_multicalls()

Get the onchain calls that are needed to read the share price.

Return type

Iterable[eth_defi.event_reader.multicall_batcher.EncodedCall]

construct_core_erc_4626_multicall()

Polling endpoints defined in ERC-4626 spec.

  • Does not include fee calls which do not have standard

Return type

Iterable[eth_defi.event_reader.multicall_batcher.EncodedCall]

process_core_erc_4626_result(call_by_name)

Decode common ERC-4626 calls.

Parameters

call_by_name (dict[str, eth_defi.event_reader.multicall_batcher.EncodedCallResult]) –

Return type

tuple

dictify_multicall_results(block_number, call_results, allow_failure=True)

Convert batch of multicalls made for this vault to more digestible dict.

  • Assert that all multicalls succeed

Returns

Dictionary where each multicall is keyed by its EncodedCall.extra_data["function"]

Parameters
Return type

dict[str, eth_defi.event_reader.multicall_batcher.EncodedCallResult]

process_result(block_number, timestamp, call_results)

Process the result of mult

  • Calls are created in construct_multicalls()

  • This method combines result of this calls to a easy to manage historical record VaultHistoricalRead

Parameters
Return type

eth_defi.vault.base.VaultHistoricalRead

class ERC4626Vault

Bases: eth_defi.vault.base.VaultBase

ERC-4626 vault adapter

Handle vault operations:

  • Metadata

  • Deposit and redeem from the vault

  • Vault historical price reader

  • Also partial support for ERC-7575 extensions

More info:

Parameters
  • web3 – Connection we bind this instance to

  • spec – Chain, address tuple

  • token_cache

    Cache used with fetch_erc20_details() to avoid multiple calls to the same token.

    Reduces the number of RPC calls when scanning multiple vaults.

  • features – Pass vault feature flags along, externally detected.

  • default_block_identifier

    Override block identifier for on-chain metadata reads.

    When None, use get_safe_cached_latest_block_number() (the default, safe for broken RPCs). Set to "latest" for freshly deployed vaults whose contracts do not exist at the safe-cached block.

__init__(web3, spec, token_cache=None, features=None, default_block_identifier=None)
Parameters
  • web3 (web3.main.Web3) – Connection we bind this instance to

  • spec (eth_defi.vault.base.VaultSpec) – Chain, address tuple

  • token_cache (dict | None) –

    Cache used with fetch_erc20_details() to avoid multiple calls to the same token.

    Reduces the number of RPC calls when scanning multiple vaults.

  • features (set[eth_defi.erc_4626.core.ERC4626Feature] | None) – Pass vault feature flags along, externally detected.

  • default_block_identifier (Optional[Union[Literal['latest', 'earliest', 'pending', 'safe', 'finalized'], eth_typing.evm.BlockNumber, eth_typing.evm.Hash32, eth_typing.encoding.HexStr, hexbytes.main.HexBytes, int]]) –

    Override block identifier for on-chain metadata reads.

    When None, use get_safe_cached_latest_block_number() (the default, safe for broken RPCs). Set to "latest" for freshly deployed vaults whose contracts do not exist at the safe-cached block.

is_valid()

Check if this vault is valid.

  • Call a known smart contract function to verify the function exists

Return type

bool

property chain_id: int

Chain this vault is on

property address: eth_typing.evm.HexAddress

Get the vault smart contract address.

property name: str

Vault name.

property symbol: str

Vault share token symbol

property vault_contract: web3.contract.contract.Contract

Get vault deployment.

property underlying_token: eth_defi.token.TokenDetails

Alias for denomination_token()

property erc_7540: bool

Is this ERC-7540 vault with asynchronous deposits.

  • For example previewDeposit() function and other functions will revert

fetch_denomination_token_address()

Get the address for the denomination token.

Triggers RCP call

Return type

Optional[eth_typing.evm.HexAddress]

fetch_denomination_token()

Read denomination token from onchain.

Use denomination_token() for cached access.

Return type

eth_defi.token.TokenDetails | None

fetch_share_token_address(block_identifier='latest')

Get share token of this vault.

  • Vault itself (ERC-4626)

  • share() accessor (ERc-7575)

Parameters

block_identifier (Union[Literal['latest', 'earliest', 'pending', 'safe', 'finalized'], eth_typing.evm.BlockNumber, eth_typing.evm.Hash32, eth_typing.encoding.HexStr, hexbytes.main.HexBytes, int]) –

Return type

eth_typing.evm.HexAddress

fetch_share_token()

Read share token details onchain.

Use share_token() for cached access.

Return type

eth_defi.token.TokenDetails

fetch_vault_info()

Get all information we can extract from the vault smart contracts.

Return type

eth_defi.erc_4626.vault.ERC4626VaultInfo

fetch_total_assets(block_identifier)

What is the total NAV of the vault.

Example:

assert vault.denomination_token.symbol == "USDC"
assert vault.share_token.symbol == "ipUSDCfusion"
assert vault.fetch_total_assets(block_identifier=test_block_number) == Decimal("1437072.77357")
assert vault.fetch_total_supply(block_identifier=test_block_number) == Decimal("1390401.22652875")
Parameters

block_identifier (Union[Literal['latest', 'earliest', 'pending', 'safe', 'finalized'], eth_typing.evm.BlockNumber, eth_typing.evm.Hash32, eth_typing.encoding.HexStr, hexbytes.main.HexBytes, int]) –

Block number to read.

Use web3.eth.block_number for the last block.

Returns

The vault value in underlyinh token

Return type

decimal.Decimal | None

fetch_total_supply(block_identifier)

What is the current outstanding shares.

Example:

Parameters

block_identifier (Union[Literal['latest', 'earliest', 'pending', 'safe', 'finalized'], eth_typing.evm.BlockNumber, eth_typing.evm.Hash32, eth_typing.encoding.HexStr, hexbytes.main.HexBytes, int]) –

Block number to read.

Use web3.eth.block_number for the last block.

Returns

The vault value in underlyinh token

Return type

decimal.Decimal

fetch_share_price(block_identifier)

Get the current share price.

Returns

The share price in underlying token.

If supply is zero return zero.

Parameters

block_identifier (Union[Literal['latest', 'earliest', 'pending', 'safe', 'finalized'], eth_typing.evm.BlockNumber, eth_typing.evm.Hash32, eth_typing.encoding.HexStr, hexbytes.main.HexBytes, int]) –

Return type

decimal.Decimal

fetch_portfolio(universe, block_identifier=None, allow_fallback=True)

Read the current token balances of a vault.

  • SHould be supported by all implementations

Parameters
Return type

eth_defi.vault.base.VaultPortfolio

fetch_info()

Use info() property for cached access.

Returns

See LagoonVaultInfo

Return type

eth_defi.erc_4626.vault.ERC4626VaultInfo

fetch_nav(block_identifier=None)

Fetch the most recent onchain NAV value.

  • In the case of Lagoon, this is the last value written in the contract with updateNewTotalAssets() and ` settleDeposit()`

  • TODO: updateNewTotalAssets() there is no way to read pending asset update on chain

Returns

Vault NAV, denominated in denomination_token()

Return type

decimal.Decimal

get_flow_manager()

Get flow manager to read indiviaul settle events.

Return type

eth_defi.vault.base.VaultFlowManager

get_deposit_manager()

Get deposit manager to deposit/redeem from the vault.

Return type

eth_defi.erc_4626.deposit_redeem.ERC4626DepositManager

has_block_range_event_support()

Does this vault support block range-based event queries for deposits and redemptions.

  • If not we use chain balance polling-based approach

property denomination_token: eth_defi.token.TokenDetails | None

Get the token which denominates the vault valuation

  • Used in deposits and redemptions

  • Used in NAV calculation

  • Used in profit benchmarks

  • Usually USDC

Returns

Token wrapper instance.

Maybe None for broken vaults like https://arbiscan.io/address/0x9d0fbc852deccb7dcdd6cb224fa7561efda74411#code

property deposit_manager: eth_defi.vault.deposit_redeem.VaultDepositManager

Deposit manager assocaited with this vault

property flow_manager: eth_defi.vault.base.VaultFlowManager

Flow manager associated with this vault

get_deposit_fee(block_identifier)

Deposit fee is set to zero by default as vaults usually do not have deposit fees.

Internal: Use get_fee_data().

Parameters

block_identifier (Union[Literal['latest', 'earliest', 'pending', 'safe', 'finalized'], eth_typing.evm.BlockNumber, eth_typing.evm.Hash32, eth_typing.encoding.HexStr, int]) –

Return type

float | None

get_fee_data()

Get fee data structure for this vault.

Raises

ValueError – In the case of broken or unimplemented fee reading methods in the smart contract

Return type

eth_defi.vault.fee.FeeData

get_fee_mode()

Get how this vault accounts its fees.

Return type

eth_defi.vault.fee.VaultFeeMode | None

Get a link to the vault dashboard on its native site.

  • By default, give RouteScan link

Parameters

referral (str | None) – Optional referral code to append to the URL.

Returns

URL string

Return type

str

get_management_fee(block_identifier)

Get the current management fee as a percent.

Internal: Use get_fee_data().

Returns

0.1 = 10%

Parameters

block_identifier (Union[Literal['latest', 'earliest', 'pending', 'safe', 'finalized'], eth_typing.evm.BlockNumber, eth_typing.evm.Hash32, eth_typing.encoding.HexStr, int]) –

Return type

float

get_notes()

Get a human readable message if we know somethign special is going on with this vault.

Return type

str | None

get_performance_fee(block_identifier)

Get the current performance fee as a percent.

Internal: Use get_fee_data().

Returns

0.1 = 10%

Parameters

block_identifier (Union[Literal['latest', 'earliest', 'pending', 'safe', 'finalized'], eth_typing.evm.BlockNumber, eth_typing.evm.Hash32, eth_typing.encoding.HexStr, int]) –

Return type

float

get_protocol_name()

Return the name of the vault protocol.

Return type

str

get_risk()

Get risk profile of this vault.

Return type

eth_defi.vault.risk.VaultTechnicalRisk | None

get_withdraw_fee(block_identifier)

Withdraw fee is set to zero by default as vaults usually do not have withdraw fees.

Internal: Use get_fee_data().

Parameters

block_identifier (Union[Literal['latest', 'earliest', 'pending', 'safe', 'finalized'], eth_typing.evm.BlockNumber, eth_typing.evm.Hash32, eth_typing.encoding.HexStr, int]) –

Return type

float

has_custom_fees()

Does this vault have custom fee structure reading methods.

Causes risk in the vault comparison.

E.g.

  • Withdraw fee

  • Deposit fee

Returns

True if custom fee reading methods are implemented

Return type

bool

has_deposit_distribution_to_all_positions()

Deposits go automatically to all open positions.

  • Deposits do not land into the vault as cash

  • Instead, smart contracts automatically increase all open positions

  • The behaviour of Velvet Capital

property info: eth_defi.vault.base.VaultInfo

Get info dictionary related to this vault deployment.

  • Get cached data on the various vault parameters

Returns

Vault protocol specific information dictionary

property share_token: eth_defi.token.TokenDetails

ERC-20 that presents vault shares.

  • User gets shares on deposit and burns them on redemption

first_seen_at_block: int | None

Block number hint when this vault was deployed.

Must be set externally, as because of shitty Ethereum RPC we cannot query this. Allows us to avoid unnecessary work when scanning historical price data.

get_historical_reader(stateful)

Get share price reader to fetch historical returns.

Parameters

stateful – If True, use a stateful reading strategy.

Returns

None if unsupported

Return type

eth_defi.vault.base.VaultHistoricalReader

get_estimated_lock_up()

ERC-4626 vaults do not have a lock up by fault.

Note

Because of so many protocol specific lockups, this must be explicitly set to zero.

Return type

datetime.timedelta | None

get_flags()

Get various vault state flags from the smart contract.

  • Override to add status flags

  • Also add flags from our manual flag list in eth_defi.vault.flag

Returns

Flag set.

Do not modify in place.

Return type

set[eth_defi.vault.flag.VaultFlag]